The economic and health crisis triggered by the Covid‑19 pandemic leaves the European Union facing the steepest decline in production and employment since the Second World War, on top of economic fundamentals that are already fragile as a result of the disastrous effects of the double fall... Find out more

The European Green Deal sets out very ambitious goals for the EU. Carbon neutrality should be reached in 2050. The intermediate goal is a reduction in CO 2 emissions of 55 per cent by 2030 compared with the 2005 level. In July 2021, the European Commission delivered the ‘Fit for 55’ package, which... Find out more

Rising wage inequality is disproportionately driven by widening differences in pay between firms. This can reflect that firms’ workforces are increasingly homogenous but also that the pay of similar workers increasingly differs depending on firm productivity and the way that is shared with the work­... Find out more

The Covid‑19 pandemic has disproportionately affected women, threatening to reverse progress towards gender equality. It has made the need to address long ‑ standing structural disadvantages affecting women even more evident and pressing, including the fact that women continue to perform a greater... Find out more

The employment impacts of the transition to a post-carbon economy are gaining increasing attention. The post-carbon transition implies fundamental changes in the economy followed by significant changes in the structure of labour demand. Industries with the highest carbon footprint are of utmost... Find out more

In response to the Covid-19 pandemic, major financial support has been pledged to Member States. This funding draws on the EU’s multiannual financial framework and the ‘NextGenerationEU’ with, at its core, the temporary ‘Recovery and Resilience Facility’ (RRF). While some reporting templates have... Find out more

Weather-related heat exposure has become a sanitary concern given the wide repercussions it has for health. Both physiological and epidemiological research show that the impact of heat on human health goes far beyond acute heat conditions such as potentially fatal heat strokes. Heat exacerbates the... Find out more

More and more nation states are now committing to net-zero carbon by 2050 at the latest, which is encouraging, but none have faced up to the transformation of economies, societies and lives that this will entail. This paper considers two scenarios for sustainable welfare and discusses the... Find out more

This contribution focuses on the phrase ‘in a manner affecting trade’, that is often found within labour disciplines in trade agreements, expressly linking labour standards (or their violation) to trade. The meaning of this specific phrase has been the subject of much discussion recently... Find out more

This paper provides empirical evidence on the relationship between patterns of integration in global value chains (GVCs), the ‘quality’ of such integration in terms of technological capabilities and the structure of employment in European countries and sectors. We study employment shares in... Find out more